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''The Israel Lobby and U.S. Foreign Policy'' is a book by John Mearsheimer, Professor of Political Science at the University of Chicago, and Stephen Walt, Professor of International Relations at the Kennedy School of Government at Harvard University, published in late August 2007. It was a ''New York Times'' Best Seller.〔 ''The Israel Lobby and US Foreign Policy'' was ranked 12th place on the non-fiction list for a total of one week.〕 The book describes the lobby as a "loose coalition of individuals and organizations who actively work to steer U.S. foreign policy in a pro-Israel direction".〔Mearsheimer and Walt (2007) p.5〕 The book "focuses primarily on the lobby's influence on U.S. foreign policy and its negative effect on American interests".〔Mearsheimer and Walt (2007)p.8〕 The authors also argue that "the lobby's impact has been unintentionally harmful to Israel as well".〔Mearsheimer and Walt (2007) p.9〕 Both Mearsheimer and Walt argue that although "the boundaries of the Israel lobby cannot be identified precisely", it "has a core consisting of organizations whose declared purpose is to encourage the U.S. government and the American public to provide material aid to Israel and to support its government's policies, as well as influential individuals for whom these goals are also a top priority".〔Mearsheimer and Walt (2007) p.113〕 They note that "not every American with a favorable attitude to Israel is part of the lobby",〔 and that although "the bulk of the lobby is Jewish Americans",〔Mearsheimer and Walt (2007) p.115〕 there are many American Jews who are not part of the lobby, and the lobby also includes Christian Zionists.〔Mearsheimer and Walt (2007) p.132〕 They also claim a drift of important groups in "the lobby" to the right,〔Mearsheimer and Walt (2007) pp.126-128〕 and overlap with the neoconservatives.〔Mearsheimer and Walt (2007) pp.128-132〕 The book was preceded by a paper commissioned by ''The Atlantic Monthly'' and written by Mearsheimer and Walt. The ''Atlantic Monthly'' rejected the paper, and it was published elsewhere. The paper attracted considerable controversy, both praise〔(Essay Linking Liberal Jews and Anti-Semitism Sparks a Furor ). By Patricia Cohen. ''NY Times'', January 31, 2007.〕〔(Backlash Over Book on Policy for Israel ). By Patricia Cohen. ''NY Times'', August 16, 2007〕〔''(Of Course There Is an Israel Lobby )'', Edward Peck, April 6, 2006〕〔(A Lobby, Not a Conspiracy ), Tony Judt, ''New York Times'' Op-ed, April 19, 2006〕〔(Paper on Israel Lobby Sparks Heated Debate ), Deborah Amos, National Public Radio, April 21, 2006〕 and criticism.〔Clyne, Meghan. (Harvard's Paper on Israel Called 'Trash' By Solon ), ''New York Sun'', March 22, 2006. Accessed March 24, 2006.〕 == Background == The book has its origins in a paper commissioned in 2002 by ''The Atlantic Monthly'', but it was rejected for reasons that neither ''The Atlantic'' nor the authors have publicly explained.〔Michelle Goldberg, (Is the "Israel lobby" distorting America's Mideast policies? ), Salon.com, April 18, 2006〕 It became available as a working paper at the Kennedy School's website in 2006.〔Mearsheimer, John J. and Walt, Stephen. (The Israel Lobby and U.S. Foreign Policy ), Kennedy School of Government Working Paper Number:RWP06-011, March 13, 2006.〕 A condensed version of the working paper was published in March 2006 by the ''London Review of Books'' under the title ''The Israel Lobby''.〔(The Israel Lobby ), ''London Review of Books'', Volume 28 Number 6, March 23, 2006. Accessed March 24, 2006.〕 A third, revised version addressing some of the criticism was published in the Fall 2006 issue of ''Middle East Policy''. The authors state that "In terms of its core claims, however, this revised version does not depart from the original Working Paper." The book was published in late August 2007.〔(The Israel Lobby and U.S. Foreign Policy official web site )〕 The book differs from the earlier papers in several ways: it includes an expanded definition of the lobby, it responds to the criticisms that the papers attracted, it updates the authors' analysis and it offers suggestions on how the U. S. should advance its interests in the Middle East.〔Mearsheimer and Walt (2007) p. x-xi〕 Notably, with his elaborated position on Israel in this book, Mearsheimer distanced his own position from such established scholars as Hannah Arendt and Hans Morgenthau and their support for Israel,〔Hannah Arendt, ''Eichmann in Jerusalem: A Report on the Banality of Evil''.〕 the latter of whom Mearsheimer had previously cited as significant to the development of his own writing in the field of international relations.〔Hans Morgenthau, ''Politics Among Nations'', Fifth edition, 1978.〕 A paperback edition was published in September 2008.〔ISBN 978-0-374-53150-8〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「The Israel Lobby and U.S. Foreign Policy」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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